| Year | Date | Historical Events |
| 1925 | May 1 | Keel laid down at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard,Kittery, ME. |
| 1927 | Oct 10 | Launched. |
| 1928 | Apr 2 | Commissioned. |
| | Apr 2 | Recommissioned. |
| 1929 | Mar 23 | Arrived at homeport of San Diego, CA. |
| 1932 | Jun 30 | Arrived at Pearl Harbor, HI. |
| 1941 | Nov 28 | Argonaut left Pearl Harbor and was on patrol duty near Midway Island when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. |
| 1942 | Jan 22 | Returned to Pearl Harbor. |
| | Feb 1 | Proceeded to the Mare Island Navy Yard for conversion to a troop transport submarine. |
| | Aug 1 | Argonaut returned to action in the South Pacific. |
| | Aug 8 | Embarked Marine Commandos and got underway for Makin. |
| | Aug 16 | Arrived at Makin and at 0330 the next day, the Marines began landing. |
| | Aug 26 | Argonaut arrived back at Pearl Harbor, HI. |
| | Sep 22 | Designation was changed to APS-1 and her base of operation was changed to Brisbane, Australia. |
| | Dec 15 | Argonaut departed Brisbane to patrol in the hazardous area between New Britain and Bougainville, south of St. George's Channel. |
| 1943 | Jan 10 | On Jan. 10, 1943 Argonaut was forced to the surface by the depth charges from 3 Jap Destroyers and she was destroyed with all hands by surface fire.105 officers and men went down with the submarine. |
| | Jan 10 | Decommissioned. |
| | Feb 26 | Struck from the Naval Register. |